Sugar Beet - Overview, History, Benefits, Precaution, Dosage

What Is Beet Sugar?

Sugar beet is a sweetener made from sugar beet, a plant that looks like a radish or turnip. It is a biennial member of the Chenopodiaceae subfamily of the Amaraceae family. It is gaining popularity because of its health advantages, like the minerals and oligosaccharides it contains, and is utilised as an ingredient in common items as well as homemade desserts. This crop is mostly grown in Europe and was first introduced in Germany.

It is produced in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu, in India. Although it is rarely used as food. Sugar produced by photosynthesis is stored in the roots of sugar beets. To make beetroot sugar, cut the roots into little pieces, remove the fibre and protein, and then soak them in boiling water to extract the sugar.

Refined white "granulated sugar" and "caster sugar" are two types of sugar made from sugar beets. However, "beet sugar-containing nectar" that contains sugar beet nectar is called "beet sugar".

Sugar cane and sugar beetroot are the major raw materials used to make sugar. Currently, around 60% of the world's sugar production comes from sugarcane and 40% from sugar beet.

Nutritional Value Of Sugar beet

What kind of ingredients does beet sugar contain? The figure below shows the nutritional information for beet sugar-

Nutritional ingredients Sugar Beet (per 100g)

Energy kcal) 382

Protein (g) 0.5

Lipid (g) 0

Carbohydrates(g) 97.5

Sodium (mg) 32～78

Calcium (mg) 0～2

Potassium (mg) 6～55

Magnesium(mg) 0～0.2

Tin (mg) 0～6

Iron (mg) 0～0.2

Copper (mg) 0

Zinc (mg) 0～0.1

Oligosaccharide(mg) 5

While beetroot sugar has roughly the same number of calories as refined sugar, it is recognised to have naturally occurring nutrients and oligosaccharides. In addition to sugar, beet sugar contains many components found in the raw material sugar beet and its components change depending on the soil and weather.

History Of Sugar Beet

Approximately 250 years ago, in 1747, beet sugar was discovered. Margraf, a German chemist, was able to extract sugar from the sugar beet root. Native to the Caucasus and the Caspian Sea, sugar beet is reported to have been fed to animals. Up until that point, it was well known that sugar beet generated a sweet juice, but not that this sugar was derived from the same substance as sugar cane extract. The world's first beet sugar factory was established in 1801. The rapid spread of beet sugar production was triggered by Napoleon's "Continental Blockade". Following his defeat at the Battle of Trafalgar by the British army, Napoleon severed the supply of goods from Great Britain and its colonies. Instantly, the price of sugar skyrocketed. Therefore, the production of beet sugar was greatly encouraged. Sugar beet was first introduced in India in the 1950s. The Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, India, conducted exploratory experiments for root and seed crops around the nation, identifying appropriate places. Later, its popularity and usage spread throughout India.

Biggest Feature Of Sugar Beet: Oligosaccharide

Beetroot sugar is characterised by its "gentle sweetness," "richness," "minerals," and "oligosaccharides." Among all of them, the major characteristic of beet sugar is that it contains oligosaccharides. Oligosaccharides are a general term for molecules that are made up of several monosaccharides such as glucose. Foods like burdock, asparagus, and soybeans are thought to contain a lot of it. There are many different kinds of sugar, including isomaltooligosaccharide, fructooligosaccharide, and galactooligosaccharide; however, raffinose and kestose are the oligosaccharides found in beetroot sugar.

These are components that provide bifidobacteria and other beneficial bacteria in the intestines. More than 5% of this oligosaccharide is found in sugar beetroot.

Benefits of Sugar Beet

It is stated that sugar beetroot is "friendly to the body." How much of an impact does it really have? We will now discuss the effects of oligosaccharides found in sugar beetroot, specifically raffinose and kestose.

Increase Bifidobacteria: Oligosaccharides(types of carbohydrate) that pass through the stomach and small intestine and enter the large intestine without being absorbed. Sugar beet's raffinose keeps pathogens like Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli at bay while providing nourishment for gut flora, particularly bifidobacteria. It is supposed to restore equilibrium to the bifidobacterium-dominated intestines.

Improve Constipation: Through increased Bifidobacterium, it regulates the intestinal system and helps alleviate problems like diarrhoea and constipation. Normal bowel movement also helps your metabolism, clears up your skin, and may even help with back discomfort and bad breath. Hence, it is good for overall health

Boost Immunity: Raffinose has been shown to boost the quantity of bifidobacteria and encourage the growth and enhancement of immune cell functions, including neutrophils and lymphocytes. Bifidobacteria are being researched for several purposes, such as immune enhancement and protection against viral infections and cancer.

Improve Atopic Dermatitis: Raffinose contained in sugar beet is said to improve symptoms of atopic dermatitis. It is believed that a fungus called Candida is involved in the development of atopic dermatitis symptoms, and raffinose is effective in suppressing Candida.

How is it different from other sugars?

The main issue you have while deciding whether or not to try beet sugar is how it differs from other sugars. As a result, we contrasted the primary sugar varieties and their attributes. It is difficult to understand the types of sugar, as they are called by the name of the raw material or by the method used, but they can be broadly divided into "sugar containing nectar" and "sugar made by separating nectar." (nectar means sugar particles)

Sugar Containing Nectar: Instead of just removing the sucrose crystals from the sugar solution, this sugar is nectar-containing when it is dried. Contains various ingredients derived from raw materials.

• Brown sugar: It has a brownish colour and is created by boiling sugarcane juice. It is rich in minerals and has a distinct, rich flavour. It contains few vitamins too.
• Cane sugar: It has a light brown colour and is created by boiling down a sugar solution in which some components have been removed from sugarcane juice. It tastes mild and has a deep flavour. Minerals are present, but not as much as in brown sugar.
• Beet sugar: Its preparation involves drying sugar beet molasses. It appears to be light brown. It has a mild sweetness and mellow flavour, and it also contains minerals. Five percent oligosaccharides are present, and it is supposed to be mild on the stomach.

Sugar Not Containing Nectar: Sugar is made by removing sucrose crystals from the sugar solution. Sugarcane or sugar beet can be used as the raw material to generate goods with nearly the same qualities, while there may be subtle variations based on the manufacturer and the raw material.

• Granulated sugar: It is the purest crystal available. It is translucent and colourless (white). The smooth, big crystals are present. It is used in cuisines and has a cool sweetness.
• Cast sugar: It is finely crystallised moist sugar. It is created by adding inverted sugar, which is a clear, colourless form of fructose and glucose. It is frequently used in cooking and has a rich sweet taste.
• Sanonto: Sugar obtained by distilling molasses and discarding granulated or caster sugar. It's a pale shade of brown. This colour is a caramel colour obtained during the process of boiling down and removing the crystals and is different from the colour of honey such as brown sugar, cane sugar, and sugar beet sugar. It is said to have a strong sweetness and richness and is often used in Japanese cuisine.

Is Beet Sugar Recommended For People With Diabetes?

There are some websites on the internet which claim that "sugar beet causes a slow rise in blood sugar levels" and "it is good for diabetes." Is it true or not? Today, we will discuss. Our investigation did not allow us to validate any trustworthy information, such as "Beetroot sugar is beneficial for diabetes" or "Beetroot sugar causes a gradual rise in blood sugar levels after ingestion."

It is true that oligosaccharides contained in sugar beet are indigestible and are not absorbed in the human small intestine, making it difficult to raise blood sugar levels, and it is thought that the rise in blood sugar levels is slower than that of white sugar or granulated sugar. However, oligosaccharides account for 5% of the components of sugar beet.

The fact that sucrose makes up the majority is no different from other sugars. Please note that this does not mean that it is okay to consume sugar beet if you are undergoing diabetes treatment or are avoiding sugar intake.

Beetroot sugar has a lower GI value than other sugars

The GI value of beetroot sugar appears to be connected to the explanation of why beetroot sugar is thought to produce a gradual rise in blood sugar levels. An index known as the GI shows how blood sugar levels rise following meals. It shows the degree of absorption of carbohydrates contained in food and measures the sugar concentration in the blood up to 2 hours after ingestion.

Put another way, the food you eat causes your body to produce sugar, which then circulates through your blood. The GI value calculates how quickly food enters the body, transforms into sugar, and elevates blood sugar levels. A low GI value is thought to lower the chance of being obese, overweight, or having type 2 diabetes.

So what is the GI value of sugar?

• Sugar Beet: 65
• Granulated sugar: 110
• White Sugar: 109
• Brown Sugar: 99
• Cane Sugar: 50
• Cast Sugar: 65
• Sononto Sugar: 108

This indicates that among sugars, beet sugar has a low GI value. Try substituting sugar beet for the sugar you typically use if you would like to reduce the rise in blood sugar levels.

But remember, it's still sugar, so watch how much you eat. If you have diabetes or have any symptoms that concern you, please be sure to follow your doctor's instructions and advice.

Sugar Dosage

The World Health Organisation published the "Guidelines on Sugar Intake for Adults and Children" in 2015, outlining the negative effects of sugar. It is advised to limit daily sugar consumption to less than 10% (ideally 5%) of total caloric intake as it can lead to illnesses like obesity and tooth decay.

Furthermore, a group of experts at the University of California launched the website "Sugar Science," which demonstrates that sugar is addictive and that consuming too much of it is linked to diabetes and heart disease. Studies on the connection between high sugar intake and ageing symptoms, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer have also been conducted, albeit it cannot be argued that this connection has been conclusively established. Anything in excess is problematic, but consuming too much sugar is harmful to the body, and it doesn't matter whether it's white sugar, brown sugar, or sugar beet.

FAQ (Frequently Asked Question) On Sugar Beet

How many calories does beet sugar have?

Beet sugar has 382 calories (per 100g). Although it has almost the same calories as refined sugar, beet sugar contains natural oligosaccharides and minerals.

Is beet sugar good for you?

Oligosaccharides such as raffinose and kestose contained in sugar beet serve as a nutritional source for intestinal bacteria, especially bifidobacteria, and suppress the growth of bad bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens. It also improves constipation and diarrhoea. Considering these effects, it can be said that beet sugar is good for the body.

What is the difference between beet sugar and cane sugar?

Both have more minerals than granulated sugar or white sugar. Cane sugar in particular is high in potassium. A major feature of beet sugar is that it contains oligosaccharides, so beet sugar is recommended for those who want to keep their stomach in check.

Can I replace beet sugar with regular sugar?

Beet sugar has a mellow sweetness compared to regular sugar. You can replace it, but you need to add extra beet sugar for the same sweetness.

What is a sugar beet used for?

Sugar beets are primarily cultivated for sugar production. Their high sugar content makes them a valuable raw material for the sugar industry. Additionally, they can be consumed as a vegetable and used in salads, soups, or pickles.

Can humans eat sugar beet?

Yes, humans can eat sugar beets. While they are commonly processed for sugar extraction, sugar beets are also consumed as a vegetable. They can be cooked, roasted, or eaten raw in salads.

Does India grow sugar beet?

Yes, India cultivates sugar beets, primarily for sugar production. The cultivation of sugar beets is prevalent in states with suitable climatic conditions.

Is sugar beet full of sugar?

Yes, sugar beets have a high sugar content, which makes them a valuable source for sugar production. The sugar is extracted from the beet's root.

Can diabetics eat sugar beet?

Diabetics can consume sugar beets in moderation. While sugar beets have a natural sugar content, their impact on blood sugar levels may be less than refined sugars. However, diabetics should monitor their carbohydrate intake and consult with healthcare professionals or nutritionists for personalized dietary guidance.

Is sugar beet sugar healthy?

Sugar beet sugar can be part of a balanced diet when consumed in moderation. It provides sweetness, but excessive sugar intake may have health implications. Individuals, especially those with health conditions like diabetes, should monitor their sugar consumption. As with any food, moderation is key to maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

When was the cultivation of sugar beet started in India?

The cultivation of sugar beet in India began around the early 20th century. Introduced as an alternative crop for sugar production, sugar beet farming gained momentum in regions suitable for its growth. Over the years, it has become a significant part of India's sugar industry, contributing to domestic sugar production.

How sugar is made from beets?

Sugar is extracted from beets through a process called sugar beet refining. First, beets are harvested and sliced into thin strips. Then, these strips undergo a diffusion process to extract sugar. The sugar-rich liquid is then purified, crystallized, and dried to produce sugar crystals, ready for consumption.

Is beet sugar better for you?

Yes, it is. Beet sugar and cane sugar are nutritionally similar as both primarily consist of sucrose. While beet sugar is extracted from sugar beets and cane sugar from sugarcane, their nutritional impact on the body is comparable. Both should be consumed in moderation, and any potential health benefits or drawbacks are largely interchangeable.

What is sugar beet juice?

Sugar beet juice is the liquid extracted from sugar beets during sugar production. It contains natural sugars, vitamins, and minerals. The juice undergoes processing to extract sugar, leaving behind valuable by-products like molasses. In some cases, the juice is used directly for its natural sweetness or processed into various products.

How to cook sugar beets?

To cook sugar beets, start by washing and peeling them. Cut them into cubes or slices, depending on your preference. You can then boil, steam, or roast them until they are tender. Boiling takes about 30-40 minutes, while roasting may take around 45-60 minutes at 375°F (190°C). Once cooked, sugar beets can be enjoyed on their own or added to salads, soups, or other dishes.

How to get sugar from beets?

To extract sugar from beets, the process involves slicing or shredding the beets, followed by soaking them in hot water. This causes the sugar to dissolve, creating a sugary liquid. Afterwards, the liquid undergoes a purification and crystallization process, resulting in sugar crystals. The final step involves drying and packaging the sugar for consumption.

How to grow sugar beets?

To grow sugar beets, choose a location with cool temperatures and well-drained soil. Sow seeds directly, maintain soil moisture, and thin seedlings for proper spacing. Fertilize based on soil nutrient levels, keep the area weed-free, and harvest when beets reach a suitable size. Major producers include Russia, France, the United States, and Germany.

Where are sugar beets grown?

Sugar beets are grown globally, with major producers including Russia, France, the United States, and Germany. These countries have conducive climates and extensive agricultural practices for cultivating sugar beets, contributing significantly to the worldwide production of sugar derived from beets.